{"id":10754,"date":"2017-10-17T08:55:18","date_gmt":"2017-10-17T08:55:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/?p=10754"},"modified":"2021-07-23T17:02:13","modified_gmt":"2021-07-23T17:02:13","slug":"sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\/","title":{"rendered":"Sustainability 4.0: will Additive Manufacturing make it?."},"content":{"rendered":"

By Greta D’Angelo, PhD, and Federico Fioretto<\/p>\n

First of Two Articles<\/em><\/p>\n

Sustainability<\/strong> is at risk of becoming just the latest buzzword<\/strong> in the world of business if it\u2019s not a very practical way to run industries and transform the way in which production is made. This noble concept must instead be widely implemented<\/strong> and help transform<\/strong> the way in which we design, make, use and recycle stuff. To achieve such a bold objective sustainability must embed<\/strong> itself into every process<\/strong> of manufacturing industries. This means that it has to get along with technology\u2019s evolution and accompany it in the right direction.<\/p>\n

On the other hand, the very \u201ctrendy\u201d 4.0 Industrial Revolution<\/strong> will not be a \u201crevolution\u201d at all if it does not integrate Sustainability into its core strategic elements. In that case it would just be \u201cmore of Industry 2.0<\/strong>\u201d at best. Sustainability<\/strong>, as our readers know well, must stand upon the three legs of environmental stewardship<\/strong>, economic prosperity<\/strong> and social value<\/strong> creation. Therefore we will seek to identify such features into a typical Industry 4.0 technology: Additive Manufacturing (AM)<\/strong>. Our aim is to help steer future developments of the technology in the right direction to boost sustainability of manufacturing and help Companies focus their investments<\/strong> towards the new industrial paradigm<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

During the past few years we have heard a lot about this rising technology, more commonly known as 3D printing<\/strong>. This is deemed to become one of the technologies of the future and it is one of the macro trends<\/strong> of the Industry 4.0. While its potential unveils and the technology continues to develop, it is fundamental to identify and understand the relevant <\/strong>environmental impacts<\/strong> in order to grasp AM\u2019s potential for a more sustainable industrial production<\/strong>. How AM will enable this is still unclear. Many of the studies are still focusing on material and energy consumption, which do not give a clear overview of the whole life cycle<\/strong> of the products made. However AM offers some resource efficiency<\/strong> benefits that, added to some specific design and production peculiarities leading to improved performance<\/strong>, have economic and environmental benefits.<\/p>\n

We\u2019ll leave aside for the moment the social value creation issue, which pertains more to the whole business and economic model than to the single production technology. Our focus<\/strong> will be on the environmental<\/strong> and economic<\/strong> impacts<\/strong>. Therefore the questions that we\u2019ll ask is whether AM improves the environmental performance of a production process, e.g. reducing waste or energy consumption, and also the economic performance of the industry, with the generation of more wealth as an outcome. When it comes to AM and sustainability there are three main factors to take into account:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. The product<\/strong> itself, from design to performance<\/li>\n
  2. The production process<\/strong>, with its input-output balance<\/li>\n
  3. The supply chain<\/strong>, from product order to delivery<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    We are aware that the above subdivision is a bit artificial and that it is not possible to disentangle completely, for instance, the product from the production process. Nonetheless, we prefer to deal with the chosen issue in this way for clarity reasons. There will be some overlaps that the reader will, we hope, forgive. The first two points<\/strong> will be discussed here<\/strong>, in Part I of this article, whilst the last one <\/strong>will be discussed in Part II<\/strong> together with an overview of potential business models<\/strong> for the integration of AM in the production.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. The Product itself <\/strong>\n
        \n
      • It is widely accepted in the industrial world that designing<\/strong> products today needs to be a process taking into account awareness of many very different factors<\/strong> and stakeholders<\/strong>. Design impacts<\/strong> the whole value chain<\/strong>. Due to its additive nature, the combined capacity of AM<\/strong> to make more complex objects with integrated functions<\/strong>, preference for using fewer parts and less production stages can reduce<\/strong><\/span> the material<\/strong><\/span> flow and consequently the environmental impact of the product.<\/li>\n
      • Points listed in 1.1 lead to a reduction<\/strong> of cost<\/strong> and increase<\/strong> of economic value<\/strong> even while making the same object, i.e. not considering smarter design allowed by the technology. Such improvements, of course, are larger<\/strong> when design<\/strong> is optimized<\/strong> for the technology.<\/li>\n
      • The capability to optimize geometries<\/strong> and create lightweight<\/strong> components<\/strong> also reduces material consumption adding to the reduction in material flow and cost cutting of the above points.<\/li>\n
      • The functional<\/strong> design<\/strong> allowed by this manufacturing process can lead to products with better performance<\/strong>. For example, a recent study from the Technical University of Denmark, published on Nature<\/em><\/strong>, demonstrated that bone-inspired<\/strong> structures<\/strong> applied to the wing<\/strong> of an aircraft<\/strong> can lead to better mechanical properties and up to 200 tons of fuel saved<\/strong> per year.<\/li>\n
      • The additive nature of the technology and the rise<\/strong> of hybrid processes<\/strong> (additive + subtractive), i.e. Lasertec 65 3D hybrid<\/strong> from DMG MORI, encourage the use of AM for repair practice<\/strong>. This improv<\/strong>es<\/strong> the environmental<\/strong> impact<\/strong> of products by extending their life cycles<\/strong> and lowering the energy and resources required for the manufacturing of brand new products.<\/li>\n
      • The possibility of strict adherence<\/strong> to the individual customer\u2019s needs<\/strong> with one-off productions at affordable costs<\/strong> can deliver excellent customer experience<\/strong> and performance, combined with the cost saving<\/strong> aspects discussed above. As an example, a full inventory<\/strong> of spare parts<\/strong> for machinery in a remote location<\/strong> would be unbearably costly, but the possibility to produce <\/strong>by AM<\/strong> the required parts at the moment of need makes a huge advantage<\/strong>, if not a possibility previously denied. The same principle can allow the production of objects specifically designed to fit a particular context<\/strong> or customers at a reasonable cost, something unthinkable<\/strong> with other processes, i.e. in the case of prosthetics<\/strong> and surgical implants<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
      • Production process<\/strong>, inputs-outputs balance:\n
          \n
        • A variety<\/strong> of materials<\/strong> are being used in AM, from polymers to metals, whose form is dependent on the type of process in use. The majority<\/strong> of polymers<\/strong> can be recycled<\/strong>, e. parts made of Fused Deposition Modelling<\/strong> (FDM) can be re-melted <\/strong>and turned into new filament by using a scrap-to-filament <\/strong>converter device. For metals<\/strong> instead, it is estimated that 90 to 95 percent<\/strong>\u00a0of the leftover<\/strong> powders<\/strong> used in-process can be re-used<\/strong> in the following productions.<\/li>\n
        • AM allows to tackle<\/strong> one of the major problem of our planet: plastic waste<\/strong> in oceans and landfills. Numerous companies<\/strong><\/span>, i.e. Adidas to name one, started promoting many initiatives to collect<\/strong><\/span> the waste plastic and turn<\/strong><\/span> it into new products<\/strong><\/span>. Other initiatives are: Reflow and 3D-reprinter.<\/li>\n
        • Amid all these positive <\/b>aspects of AM regarding Sustainability, it is to be mentioned that <\/b>T<\/strong><\/span>oxicological<\/strong><\/span> and environmental<\/strong><\/span> hazards<\/strong><\/span> from AM materials is an area that requires more<\/strong><\/span> research<\/strong><\/span> as it is not sufficiently understood at the moment. A number of studies reported the emission of harmful<\/strong><\/span> particles during the melting of ABS plastic, in desktop FDM printers. Liquid resins are also known to be mildly toxic<\/strong><\/span> and therefore their use is discouraged<\/strong><\/span> in non-ventilated<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n
        • As a consequence of point 1.3 and 1.4, as in design of multi-component<\/strong><\/span> objects<\/strong><\/span>, there is a simpler<\/strong><\/span> integrated-assembly<\/strong><\/span> production with the consequent reduction<\/strong><\/span> of cost<\/strong><\/span> and quality risks of assembly of different components. A potential environmental advantage is to be evaluated, considering also the reduction<\/strong><\/span> of weight<\/strong><\/span> and volume<\/strong><\/span> of products due to improved<\/strong><\/span> strength-to-weight<\/strong><\/span> This will reflect in maybe minimal part on the product itself but its effect<\/strong><\/span> on the performance<\/strong><\/span> of objects<\/strong><\/span> down the value chain that are explored elsewhere in this article can be very significant (see point 1.4 for an example)<\/li>\n
        • Logistics<\/strong> and transportation<\/strong> are another point where savings<\/strong> in energy<\/strong> inputs and emissions\/outputs become interesting part of the Sustainability outcomes, either by environmental and economic impact (this point will be discussed more in depth in part II).<\/li>\n
        • Research<\/strong>, although not yet conclusive and generalizable, hints<\/strong> to a better energy performance<\/strong> of AM compared to other production processes, something which has both an economic<\/strong> and an environmental<\/strong> impact<\/strong>. However, from a study of the University of California Berkeley, fellow researchers stated that \u201cit cannot be categorically stated<\/strong> that 3D printing (AM) is more environmentally friendly<\/strong> than machining or vice versa\u201d because the results are still dependent<\/strong> on many<\/strong> factors<\/strong>, for example: process and machine used, number of parts produced, process parameters and materials.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Already with the points highlighted above, there appears to be a remarkable<\/strong> value<\/strong> generated by the use of AM that can<\/strong> add<\/strong> to the Sustainability<\/strong> effort<\/strong> of manufacturing<\/strong> industries. To such value added, either in terms of cost saving\/increased profits and lower environmental impact, we can sum some advantages<\/strong> that can be ascribed to the social<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

            \n
          • The fact that customers<\/strong> can have a better product experience<\/strong> due to more personalized products is one;<\/li>\n
          • The possibility to reach distant<\/strong> or isolated<\/strong> customers<\/strong> with products or services that before AM were unthinkable;<\/li>\n
          • The empowerment<\/strong> of customers<\/strong> to become \u201cprosumers<\/strong>\u201d, i.e. consumers who produce themselves at least part of the goods they need. This is most likely one of the more dramatic changes<\/strong> that AM will produce in the way our economy<\/strong>, with its production<\/strong> and consumption<\/strong> models<\/strong> are;<\/li>\n
          • Finally, we believe that there are whole new possibilities<\/strong> of employment<\/strong> and business<\/strong>, even at a small entrepreneurial<\/strong> scale, stemming from the technology. This generation of distributed economic power and entrepreneurial capacity can deliver a high social value<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            In the second part <\/strong>of the article we will deal with the supply chain, including logistics aspects, and new business models to try to understand more wholly the potential of AM related to the three pillars of sustainability<\/p>\n

            This two-part Article is intended to be a stimulus<\/strong> to the constructive<\/strong> discussion<\/strong> about the implications of emerging technologies on the future impact of manufacturing. All interested professionals in the area of Sustainability are welcome to comment<\/strong><\/span> and add value to the discussion by contacting the authors at IT@esinitiative.com.<\/p>\n

             <\/p>\n

            Greta D\u2019Angelo<\/strong> is an industrial designer converted to the discipline of manufacturing engineering. She has a PhD in Additive Manufacturing from the Technology University of Denmark and has collaborated with numerous designers and universities, among which MIT and ETH Z\u00fcrich. Greta is now a consultant in the area of Digitalization and Additive Manufacturing for the development of sustainable business models.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            By Greta D’Angelo, PhD, and Federico Fioretto First of Two Articles Sustainability is at risk of becoming just the latest buzzword in the world of business [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10755,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[137],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10754","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\nSustainability 4.0: will Additive Manufacturing make it?. - Federico Fioretto<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Sustainability 4.0: will Additive Manufacturing make it?. - Federico Fioretto\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"By Greta D’Angelo, PhD, and Federico Fioretto First of Two Articles Sustainability is at risk of becoming just the latest buzzword in the world of business [\u2026]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Federico Fioretto\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2017-10-17T08:55:18+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-07-23T17:02:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/metal-AM.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"576\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"340\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"fedefiore\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"fedefiore\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/federicofioretto.biz\\\/en\\\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/federicofioretto.biz\\\/en\\\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"fedefiore\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/federicofioretto.biz\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/52acbf779096eea322618fbc49c69d0b\"},\"headline\":\"Sustainability 4.0: will Additive Manufacturing make it?.\",\"datePublished\":\"2017-10-17T08:55:18+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-07-23T17:02:13+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/federicofioretto.biz\\\/en\\\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1686,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/federicofioretto.biz\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/52acbf779096eea322618fbc49c69d0b\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/federicofioretto.biz\\\/en\\\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/federicofioretto.biz\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/10\\\/metal-AM.jpg\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/federicofioretto.biz\\\/en\\\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/federicofioretto.biz\\\/en\\\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/federicofioretto.biz\\\/en\\\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\\\/\",\"name\":\"Sustainability 4.0: will Additive Manufacturing make it?. - Federico Fioretto\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/federicofioretto.biz\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/federicofioretto.biz\\\/en\\\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/federicofioretto.biz\\\/en\\\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/federicofioretto.biz\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/10\\\/metal-AM.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2017-10-17T08:55:18+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-07-23T17:02:13+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/federicofioretto.biz\\\/en\\\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/federicofioretto.biz\\\/en\\\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/federicofioretto.biz\\\/en\\\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/federicofioretto.biz\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/10\\\/metal-AM.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/federicofioretto.biz\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/10\\\/metal-AM.jpg\",\"width\":576,\"height\":340,\"caption\":\"Courtesy: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL)\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/federicofioretto.biz\\\/en\\\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/federicofioretto.biz\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Sustainability 4.0: will Additive Manufacturing make it?.\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/federicofioretto.biz\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/federicofioretto.biz\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"Federico Fioretto\",\"description\":\"Advisor e coach per la sostenibilit\u00e0 integrata, la leadership strategica e l\u2019economia circolare\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/federicofioretto.biz\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/52acbf779096eea322618fbc49c69d0b\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/federicofioretto.biz\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":[\"Person\",\"Organization\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/federicofioretto.biz\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/52acbf779096eea322618fbc49c69d0b\",\"name\":\"fedefiore\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/2c51a463ce4b5acd6342503179e0096fd902f266e0d4f6ad0a38db232099e8b0?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/2c51a463ce4b5acd6342503179e0096fd902f266e0d4f6ad0a38db232099e8b0?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/2c51a463ce4b5acd6342503179e0096fd902f266e0d4f6ad0a38db232099e8b0?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"fedefiore\"},\"logo\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/2c51a463ce4b5acd6342503179e0096fd902f266e0d4f6ad0a38db232099e8b0?s=96&d=mm&r=g\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/federicofioretto.biz\\\/en\\\/author\\\/fedefiore\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Sustainability 4.0: will Additive Manufacturing make it?. - Federico Fioretto","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Sustainability 4.0: will Additive Manufacturing make it?. - Federico Fioretto","og_description":"By Greta D’Angelo, PhD, and Federico Fioretto First of Two Articles Sustainability is at risk of becoming just the latest buzzword in the world of business [\u2026]","og_url":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\/","og_site_name":"Federico Fioretto","article_published_time":"2017-10-17T08:55:18+00:00","article_modified_time":"2021-07-23T17:02:13+00:00","og_image":[{"width":576,"height":340,"url":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/metal-AM.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"fedefiore","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"fedefiore","Est. reading time":"8 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\/"},"author":{"name":"fedefiore","@id":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/52acbf779096eea322618fbc49c69d0b"},"headline":"Sustainability 4.0: will Additive Manufacturing make it?.","datePublished":"2017-10-17T08:55:18+00:00","dateModified":"2021-07-23T17:02:13+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\/"},"wordCount":1686,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/52acbf779096eea322618fbc49c69d0b"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/metal-AM.jpg","inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\/","url":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\/","name":"Sustainability 4.0: will Additive Manufacturing make it?. - Federico Fioretto","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/metal-AM.jpg","datePublished":"2017-10-17T08:55:18+00:00","dateModified":"2021-07-23T17:02:13+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/metal-AM.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/metal-AM.jpg","width":576,"height":340,"caption":"Courtesy: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL)"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/sustainability-4-0-will-additive-manufacturing-make-it\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Sustainability 4.0: will Additive Manufacturing make it?."}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/","name":"Federico Fioretto","description":"Advisor e coach per la sostenibilit\u00e0 integrata, la leadership strategica e l\u2019economia circolare","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/52acbf779096eea322618fbc49c69d0b"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":["Person","Organization"],"@id":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/52acbf779096eea322618fbc49c69d0b","name":"fedefiore","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/2c51a463ce4b5acd6342503179e0096fd902f266e0d4f6ad0a38db232099e8b0?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/2c51a463ce4b5acd6342503179e0096fd902f266e0d4f6ad0a38db232099e8b0?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/2c51a463ce4b5acd6342503179e0096fd902f266e0d4f6ad0a38db232099e8b0?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"fedefiore"},"logo":{"@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/2c51a463ce4b5acd6342503179e0096fd902f266e0d4f6ad0a38db232099e8b0?s=96&d=mm&r=g"},"url":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/author\/fedefiore\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10754","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10754"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10754\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12482,"href":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10754\/revisions\/12482"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10755"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10754"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10754"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/federicofioretto.biz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10754"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}